Change in size of textured pattern detail.

Haze or contrast, saturation, and color, greater distance generally being associated with greater haze, desaturation, and a shift toward blue.

Vertical position (objects closer to the horizon in the scene tend to be perceived as farther away).

Linear perspective (convergence of parallel edges).

Subtended visual angle of an object of known size.

The cues that the brain uses to gauge relative distances and depth in a perceived scene include One of the functions that occur within the brain as it interprets what the eyes see is assessing the relative distances of objects from the viewer, and the depth dimension of those objects. Human vision, including the perception of depth, is a complex process, which only begins with the acquisition of visual information taken in through the eyes much processing ensues within the brain, as it strives to make sense of the raw information.

Stereoscopy creates the illusion of three-dimensional depth from given two-dimensional images. 7.5 Mathematical, scientific and engineering uses.4 Other display methods without viewers.2.3 Stereoscope and stereographic cards.This technique is distinguished from 3D displays that display an image in three full dimensions, allowing the observer to increase information about the 3-dimensional objects being displayed by head and eye movements. These two-dimensional images are then combined in the brain to give the perception of 3D depth. Most stereoscopic methods present two offset images separately to the left and right eye of the viewer. Originally, stereogram referred to a pair of stereo images which could be viewed using a stereoscope. Any stereoscopic image is called a stereogram. The word stereoscopy derives from Greek στερεός (stereos) 'firm, solid', and σκοπέω (skopeō) 'to look, to see'. Stereoscopy (also called stereoscopics, or stereo imaging) is a technique for creating or enhancing the illusion of depth in an image by means of stereopsis for binocular vision. An early depiction of people using a stereoscope.

A company of ladies looking at stereoscopic views, painting by Jacob Spoel, before 1868.

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